rabitz



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

O. RABITZ.

REGBPTAGLE FOR THE PRESERVATION 0F GRAIN AND SUGGULENT MATERIALS.

. PatentedApr. 6, 1886.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. O. RABITZ.

BEGEPTAULE FOR THE PRESERVATION OF GRAIN AND SUGGULENT MATERIALS.

No. 339,21 Patem d r. 6,1886.

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GMWMM 7 NlTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL RABITZ, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

RECEPTACLE FOR THE PRESERVATION OF GRAIN AND SUCCULENT MATERiALS.

ELPECIPICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 339,211, dated April 61886.

Application filed January 9, 1886. Serial No. 188,139. (No model.)Patented in England December '24, 1885, No. 15,882.

.To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CARL RABITZ, a subject of the King of Prussia,residing at Berlin, Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Receptacles Ghiefiy Designed for thePreservation of Grain and Succulent Materials; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to the construction of silos and analogousreceptacles or reservoirs for storing fodder, grain,&c., and alsoadapted for containing fluids.

The object of this invention is not only to provide a mode ofconstruction by which a tight receptacle or reservoir or silo is obtained, but whereby the structure itself is made much stronger withcomparatively thin inclosiug-walls.

The invention consists, essentially, in forming the walls of a silo orreservoir by means of a metallic skeleton, as a foundation for themortar or other substance or compound, or the said mortar or othersubstance or compound and a lining therefor, substantially ashereinafter fully described.

The invention further consistsin the details of construction and in thecombination of parts which constitute the structure, substantially ashereinafter fully described.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, andin which like letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1 is avertical section of a group of silos under a common roof. Fig. 2 is atransverse section of a cylindrical silo, or a member of a group ofsuch. Figs. 3, 4., and 5 show by like views convenient modes of groupingcylindrical silos together. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 show by like views asingle silo of square form in cross section and groups of such silos,respectively. Fig. 9 shows, also, by a crosssection a group of silos ofhexagonal form in cross-section. Fig. 10 shows by a cross-section themode of connecting the various groups of silos together. Fig. 11 is alike view of a portion of the Wall of a cylindrical form; and Figs. 12,13,

.and 14 show various modes of constructing the skeleton walls, Figs. 10to 14 being drawn to a larger scale than the other figures.

The skeleton frame for the inclosing-walls of the silo or group of silosis constructed of metal rods and a metallic net-work, to serve as afoundation for the building material employed in the construction ofthelsaid walls,this skeleton foundation being so arranged as to offerthe necessary or a maximum resistance to the power exerted thereon bythe contents of the silo under a most judicious use of materials ofwhich the walls are constructed, so that, for instance, a silo having adiameter of four or five meters and a height of twelve or fifteenmeters, may be constructed with an inclosingwall of a thickness of ninecentimeters at the base and five centimeters at top, that will offer thenecessary resistance to the pressure exerted thereon. Such ribs, it willreadily be understood, may therefore be built at a cost consider ablyless than would be the case otherwise,or than is the case in suchstructures when built in the usual manner, and form at the same timestructures that will be proof against atmospheric influences, andfluid-tight.

These structures may have any desired form in cross-section-such ascylindrical, square, hexagonal, or other suitable or desired formand maybe arranged and connected in groups, as shown in the drawings.

The skeleton for the inclosing-walls of the silo or group of silos maybe constructed in various ways; and it consists, essentially, of aseries of vertical metallic rods or bars, a, which may be arranged atsuitable distances from one another, according to the diameter orcapacity of the structure. They may be connected together by metallicbands 0 of proper form at suitable intervals. One of said bands isapplied at opposite ends of the series of vertical rods (1 and anyrequired number of such bands may be applied intermediately of the endhands. This skeleton frame-work is secured to or in the foundation byembedding the ends of the vertical rods a therein, and saidconnecting-bandsare secured to the rods by any suitable or desiredmeans, either bolts or rivets, or they may be bound thereto by means ofwire.

WVhen a number of silos are grouped together, their contacting faces areformed by a single row of vertical rods, a, as shown, for instance,inFig.10,-ataa. Theskeletonframe,constructed as described, is then boundor surrounded by a wire net-work, which may be formed by spirallywinding .a single wire, I), thereon, as shown in Fig. 12, and tying thewire to the vertical rods by means of wire, as shown at b. To givegreater strength to this wire network, the convolutions of the wire bmay be bound together by one or more intermediate wires, (1, where thevertical rods a are at a certain distance from one another. The net- I 5work of wires may also be formed by crossing "the spirally-wound wires1), as shown in Fig.

13, and binding them together at their points of intersection by wires(1. Finally, instead of this arrangement, the rods a may be covered witha wire-netting, I), made by machinery or by hand in the usual manner, asshown in Fig. 14, the object of applying this wire net-work being notonly to provide a foundation for holding the building material of whichthe walls are constructed, but also to impart to the inclosing-walls thenecessary power of resistance to the pressure exerted thereon.

It is obvious that by the means described the resisting-power is equallydistributed over the entire surface of the inclosing-wall, and is ofsuch a nature as to offer a much greater reistance to lateral pressurethan a wall of ordinary' construction of equal thickness.

When a woven-wire fabric is employed, I preferably wind the strips ontothe framing in spiral convolutions and bind their edges together atsuitable intervals by means of wire.

\Vhen a number of silos are grouped together, the wire jackets of theframe thereof are interlaced, as shown at a a, Fig. 10, whereby theentire group of silos are firmly bound to each other from top to bottom.

Instead of the wire netting or jacket, the frame bars or rods 0, may beconnected by single boards of metal to produce the skeleton frame, andinstead of surrounding the vertical bars by means of the wire orwire-netting this may be applied on the inside of said bars or rods a,as will be readily understood.

This skeleton frame, when erected on the foundation, is finally linedwith any suitable building material, the said lining, f, beingpreferably about nine centimeters thick from the bottom upward, andgradually diminishing to a thickness of five centimeters at top. It isobvious, however, that I do not wish to scribed, as it is obvious thatthis will vary with the capacity of the silo; but for asilo of thedimensions hereinbefore given it will be found of sufficient thickness.

The lining may consist of a mixture of lime and gypsum, to which may beadded sand, glue,or dextrine, hair, iron scraps, iron filings, or shortpieces of wire; or it may consist of hydraulic cement orlime, trap-rock,tripolite, mixed with sand, pulverized slags or cinders, or ashes, andthe above-described metallic substances; or it may consist of asphaltum,natural or artificial, with the addition of airslaked lime, hydrauliclime, cement, sand, and pulverized cinders, &c. The skeleto frames mayalso be lined inside as well as outside with one or more layers ofoverlapping roofing-tiles properly jointed together, laid in one or theother materials or compositions hereinbefore described, and jointedthereby. Instead of ordinary roofing-tile, this massive or solid liningmay be of specially prepared and glazed tiles, and the said tiles may bemolded from the materials or compositions hereinbefore described.Finally, this outer and inner lining for the walls may be composed ofbeton or cement, concrete, or of burned tiles formed with one of thebuilding materials or compounds referred to.

A group of silos may have a common roof, as shown in Fig. 1; and it willreadily be understood that the silos constructed as described may beemployed for storing other substances than those commonly stored insilos, as well as for storing fluids.

.Whatl claim is e,

1.. A silo or receiver the walls whereof are formed of a metallicskeleton frame composed of vertical rods or bars a and a reticulatedconnecting-netting secured to the rods or bars, made of wire or metalrods and lined with a suitable material or compound, such as mortar,cement, asphalt, compounds, &c., or with tiles or flags, substantiallyas described.

2. The grouping of two or more silos by the interlacing of theirskeleton walls-at the contacting points of the reticulated or networksurfaces of said skeleton wall, to firmly interlace the severalstructures, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CARL RABITZ.

\Vit'nesses:

PAUL Boson, B. R01.

